S.N. Krasnikov1, A.I. Murzin1, V.V. Manankov2, O. V. Bratchik3
1Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Peat branch Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-Biotechnologies of the Russian Academy Science, ul. Gagarina, 3, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
2All-Russian Center on the Resistance Test of Potato Cultivars and Hybrids to Wart Disease and Nematode, ul. Lorkha, 23, Kraskovo-1, Lyuberetskii r-n, Moskovskaya obl., 140051, Russian Federation
3Tomsk Agricultural Institute – branch Novosibirsk State Agrarian University ul. Karla Marksa, 19, Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation
Summary. Potato is one of the major crops in Tomsk region, production of which occupies the main place in the nutrition of the population. It is cultivated mainly in personal subsidiary economies (13,800 ha, 87.6%); the fraction of agricultural organizations is 1,060 ha, or 6.7%, the major part of their territory is occupied by foreign cultivars. Potato breeding in recent years focused on the satisfaction of large potato-growing companies that in the future will lead to the replacement of foreign varieties. In connection with this, the demand increased for new nematode resistant, red tubers, high-quality potato varieties that are adapted to local conditions. The main lines of breeding in Tomsk region are the development of high-yield, early maturing varieties of potato with a convenient form of tubers, which can accumulate yield in earlier periods. In addition, these cultivars should have high starch and protein content, be resistant to pathogens and possess antioxidant properties. The possibility of development of new potato varieties depends primarily on the availability of different original forms (S. chacoense, S. andigenum, S. rybinii, S. stoloniferum, S. demissum, S. acaule), and their genetic exploration degree. In 2016 more than 1000 breeding samples are worked on in the Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Peat. They are estimated according to 20 of the most important morphological and economics characteristics. As for today, Tomsk breeders developed 20 potato cultivars from different groups of ripeness and purpose, 12 of them are included in the State Register of Selection Achievements Admitted for Usage. Developed varieties Nakra, Antonina, Pamyati Rogacheva, Solnechnyi, Yugana, Sarovskii are capable of accumulating starch up to 23% and more. Cultivars Ketskii, Pamyati Rogacheva, Antonina have high yield potential – 50-60 t/ha and more. Early varieties Priobskii, Antonina, Yubilyar, Sarovskii form marketable yield (15-20 t/ha) in 60 days after seedling emergence.
Keywords: potato, breeding, variety, yield, starch content, protein, resistance to pathogens.
Author Details: S.N. Krasnikov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.I. Murzin, junior research fellow; V.V. Manankov, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), center manager; O. V. Bratchik, student.
For citation: Krasnikov S.N., Murzin A.I., Manankov V.V., Bratchik O.V. Main Lines of Potato Breeding in Tomsk Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 10. Pp. 41-43 (in Russ.).