D.A. Safonova, N.I. Polukhin, G.V. Artemova
Siberian Research institute of plant production and Breeding – Branch of the Federal Research Central Institute of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. С-100, 21, P.Box 375, pos. Krasnoobsk, Novosibirskii r-on, Novosibirskaya obl., 630501, Russian Federation
Summary. Breeding research on potato in the Siberian Research Institute of Plant Growing and Breeding aimed at the development of varieties with different maturity time, which are suitable for industrial processing, with high yield potential, good taste, resistant to the main diseases. Early-ripening and middle-early potato varieties are the most necessary for cultivation in the north forest-steppe of Siberia. Effective schemes of hybridization, evaluation and selection of potato breeding material were studied, which provided the combination of required economic characteristics. The results of the analysis of different types of crosses, involving parental forms from different groups of ripeness, revealed that at the crosses of varieties with the early period of development a high output of early hybrids was registered, on average up to 66.3%; however, the output of high productive seedlings was lower. The most productive offspring was obtained by crossing of middle-early and mid-season parents with late-ripening varieties. The actual direction of the work is the search for new sources of resistance to viral diseases, late blight, potato cyst nematode. Over the last 10 years in the Siberian Research Institute of Plant Growing and Breeding, the collection of potato samples has been fully assessed. This collection consists of 250 breeding varieties and interspecific hybrids, including more than 80 varieties resistant to nematode. There were selected valuable genetic sources for breeding on earliness, high productivity, high starch content, resistance to late blight and Golden potato cyst nematode. As a result of use in the hybridization of the varieties – donors of valuable agronomic traits, there was obtained promising breeding material. For the research years, there have been developed three potato varieties, included in the State Register of Selection Achievements Admitted for Usage. They are Lina (1998), Safo (2009), and Yuna (2013). The variety sample Zlatka is on the State test. These varieties have stable yields over the years (35-40 t/ha), early and middle period of maturation, high taste and product qualities, are resistant to wart disease. The varieties Sappho and Yuna are resistant to Golden potato cyst nematode.
Keywords: potato, productivity, earliness, adaptive breeding, resistance to diseases and pests.
Author Details: D.A. Safonova, senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); N.I. Polukhin, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), leading research fellow; G.V. Artemova, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow.
For citation: Safonova D.A., Polukhin N.I., Artemova G.V. Directions and Results of Breeding on Potato in the Forest Steppe of the Ob Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 10. Pp. 32-34 (in Russ.).