S.D. Kiru1,T.E. Zhigadlo2, L.Y. Novikova1
1Federal Research Center N. Vavilov Insitute of Plant Genetic resources (VIR), ul. B. Morskaya,42/44, Sankt-Peterburg, 190000, Russian Federation
2Branch "Polar experimental station" of the N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, ul. Kozlova, 2, Apatity, Murmanskaya obl., 184209, Russian Federation
Summary. In 2013-2015 under conditions of Murmansk region (Apatity) an evaluation of earliness of potato varieties was carried out. Sixty-three early and middle-early varieties from VIR world potato collection were estimated. A comprehensive study of their productivity elements was carried out. We estimated the following physiological and commercial traits: duration of interphase periods of vegetation, productivity, dynamics of tuber mass accumulation. The meteorological conditions for plant growth during three years were contrasted. The studies were carried out at the experimental field of the branch "Polar experimental station" of the N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. The soil is podzolic, sandy and sandy loam, formed on the moraine deposits, characterized by low power and uniformity of the structure of the mineral profile, lack of humus-accumulative horizon, high acidity (pH is 5.19) and low supply of nutrients: P2O5 content is 103 mg/100 g (by Kirsanov), K2O content is 39.2 mg/100 soil (by Kirsanov). It was proposed new indicators for evaluation of commercial earliness of varieties on the dynamics of accumulation of tuber weight: growth rate of tuber weight in the period from the 50th to the 60th day after planting K(r60/50) and from the 60th to 75th days after planting K(r75/60), showing the intensity of its increase during these periods. For the northern regions of the European part of Russia early varieties are needed for, with the duration of the vegetation period of 60-65 days, so the coefficient K(r60/50) should be maximized, and the coefficient K(r75/60) should be the minimized. Early-maturing varieties with high productivity and dynamics of the accumulation of tuber mass, which are of value for use in the development of early ripening varieties, suitable for cultivation under conditions of Far North were selected.
Keywords: potato, variety, earliness, dynamics of accumulation, productivity, characteristics, breeding.
Author Details: S.D. Kiru, D. Sc. (Biol.), head of division (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); T.E. Zhigadlo, junior research fellow; L.Y. Novikova, Cand. Sc. (Tech.), head of division.
For citation: Kiru S.D., Zhigadlo T.E., Novikova L.Y. Potential of Productivity of Early Potato Varieties from VIR Collection under Conditions of Murmansk Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 10. Pp. 27-31 (in Russ.).