V. T. Sinegovskaya, I. V. Anufrieva, A. A. Uryupina
All-Russian Research Institute of Soybean Breeding, Ignat’evskoe sh., 19, Blagoveshchensk, 675027, Russian Federation
Abstract. The studies were conducted in 2017–2019 in the meadow chernozem-like soils of the Amur Region. The purpose was to determine the influence of provision of plants with mineral nitrogen and mobile phosphorus on the development of nodules, the formation of leaf area, and soybean yield. The experiment design included the following options: without fertilizers (control); P60; N30P60; N60P90; N30P60 + 12 t/ha of semi-mature manure under the forecrop (oats). The weather conditions were characterized by an excessive amount of precipitation, which during the period of the beans formation exceeded the long-term average values by 35–60 mm. The application of an increased dose of N60 together with P90 led to a decrease in the mass of nodules in the phase of the 4th ternary leaf (V5) by 56% relative to the control and by 63% relative to the P60 option. The inhibitory effect of nitrogen was confirmed by a decrease in the total symbiotic potential during the growing season by 3.5–14.6%, depending on the fertilizer dose. By the phase of the beans formation (R4), the content of mineral nitrogen in the soil decreased 2.6 times compared to the phase V5. Perhaps, for this reason, the mass of nodules in the N60P90 option in the R4 phase was the largest (1107 kg/ha), exceeding the control by 57% and the P60 option by 18%. When P60 was added, the mass of nodules was higher by 33% than in the control. We established a close correlation (R = 0.95 at Rcrit = 0.88) between the accumulation of nodule mass and leaf area. The largest leaf area was noted in the P60 and N60P90 options. It was higher than in the control by 56.8% and 79.2%, respectively. The lowest yield in the experiment (2.7 t/ha) was recorded in the control; the highest yield was recorded in the N60P90 option (4.4 t/ha at LSD05 = 0.81 t/ha). This was facilitated by the improvement of the symbiotic and photosynthetic soybeans apparatus functioning with the optimal provision of plants with nitrogen and high provision with mobile phosphorus.
Keywords: soybean (Glycine Max (L) Merrill.); fertilizers; mass of nodules; total symbiotic potential; leaf area; yield.
Author Details: V. T. Sinegovskaya, member of the RAS, D.Sc. (Agr.), chief research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); I. V. Anufrieva, junior research fellow; A. A. Uryupina, junior research fellow.
For citation: Sinegovskaya VT, Anufrieva IV, Uryupina AA [The influence of the provision of plants with mineral nitrogen on the development of the symbiotic apparatus and soybean yield]. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2020;34(6):28-32. Russian. doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2020-10605.