N. N. Ivanova, E. N. Pavlyuchik, D. A. Vagunin, N. N. Ambrosimova, T. N. Panteleeva
All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands pos. Emmauss, 27, Kalininskii r-n, Tverskaya obl., 170530, Russian Federation
Abstract. This paper reports the results of investigations aimed at studying the transformation of the botanical composition of cultivated polytype grazing stands. The study was carried out on drained lands in the Tver region over 2012–2018 period. The research involved two legume-cereal mixtures under the simulation of their grazing use. The first grass mixture included meadow clover (Trifolium pratense L.), alfalfa (Medicago varia Mart.), meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis L.), timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.). The second grass mixture consisted of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus cornilatus (comiculatus) L.) and timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.). In the first year of growth, meadow clover was the main component (53%) in the stands of the clover–alfalfa–grass mixture. Over the following years, alfalfa appeared to be the predominant species in the yield formation of this cenosis, with its share being stable over the period and having amounted to 41–47%. The proportion of cereal grasses depended on meteorological conditions: timothy grass and meadow fescue were predominant species in wet and dry years, respectively. The share of birdsfoot trefoil in the studied grass mixture over the years remained at a level of 59%, which indicates a high adaptive ability of this species to specific growing conditions. The production of the legume-grass phytocenoses under study was nutritious and energy-intensive. Thus, the yield of feed units of the clover–alfalfa–grass and birdsfoot trefoil–grass mixtures amounted to 5,200 units/ha and 4,600 units/ha, respectively. The energy output levels for these mixtures were equal to 65.9 and 57.9 GJ/ha, respectively. The research has justified various modifications of grass stands in perennial pastures, which retain a high proportion of seeded grass species for the period of 7 years.
Keywords: drained land; botanical composition; pasture legume-grass stands; alfalfa (Medicago varia Mart.); birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus cornilatus (comiculatus) L.); productivity.
Author Details: N. N. Ivanova, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); E. N. Pavlyuchik, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), senior research fellow; D. A. Vagunin, Cand. Sc. (Agr.), research fellow; N. N. Ambrosimova, junior research fellow; T. N. Panteleeva, research fellow.
For citation: Ivanova N. N., Pavlyuchik E. N., Vagunin D. A., Ambrosimova N. N., Panteleeva T. N. Species Composition and Productivity of Legume-Cereal Stands of the Grazing Type on Drained Lands in the Non-Black Soil Region. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2019. Vol. 33. No. 6. Pp. 40–43 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10610.