Y.Tc. Martirosyan1,2, A.A. Kosobryhov1, V.V. Martirosyan1
1All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, ul. Timiryazevskaya, 42, Moskva, 127550, Russian Federation
2Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IBCSP RAS), ul. Kosygina, 4, Moskva, 119334, Russian Federation
Summary. A technology of large-scale potato seed production by aeroponics was developed; the application of which will allow the implementation of new approaches in the generation of elite potato seeds. More specifically, it will allow transition from seven-year scheme into four-year one. All successive stages of the technology were developed. In order to produce about 8 million minitubers per a year with a cost price of 6-8 rubles, it is necessary to create industrial phytotron complexes consisting of 8 work rooms by 350 m2 each, nursery rooms for non-sterile cuttings in hydroponic systems, light rooms to grow plants in vitro and other rooms to make other various special procedures. The total area of this complex, together with the technical facilities, will be 4000 m2. This technology combined with a set of specially designed equipment allows harvesting about 3,600 minitubers weighing 10-15 g from each square meter area, regardless of weather conditions and seasons. Aeroponic technology has many advantages, including increase in quality and quantity of the yield; the shortened growing season; an increase in the number of growing cycles per year; saving of water and mineral nutrients. In addition, a significant reduction of energy consumption is achieved due to the use of LED lights with optimized spectral characteristics. The developed technology combines necessary chemical and physical factors to promote the process of tuber formation in potato plants. Economic calculations show the efficiency and prospectivity of large-scale introduction of aeroponic technology in potato seed production. The implementation of the proposed project will develop a network of seed production centers in the Russian Federation and take the branch to the modern technological level.
Keywords: aeroponic technologies, phytotron, minitubers, virus-free seed potatoes, in vitro plants, light-emitting diodes, nutrient solution.
Author Details: Y.Tc. Martirosyan, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), head of group1, head of laboratory2 (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.); A.A. Kosobryhov, D. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow; V.V. Martirosyan, Cand. Sc. (Biol.), leading research fellow.
For citation: Martirosyan Y.Tc., Kosobryhov A.A., Martirosyan V.V. Aeroponic Technologies in Virus-Free Seed Production: Advantages and Perspectives. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2016. V.30. No. 10. Pp. 47-51 (in Russ.).