UDK 332.144
Rationale forecasting technique long-term development of agricultural economics
I.A. Ganieva 
Summary. In the article the main provisions of the development of methods to predict long-term agricultural economy within the long economic cycle, before the implementation of the method on the example of long-term prediction of milk production.
Keywords: business cycle, periods of business cycle, forecasting, development, methodology, agriculture.

UDK 631.543.83:631.8:632.9
Agroeconomic efficiency of technologies under various degree of the intensification
S.I. Tyutyunov, N.M. Domanov, K.B. Ibadullayev, P.I. Solntsev, A.S. Zakarayev
Summary. The assessment of efficiency and economic efficiency of cultivation of cultures of a zernoparopropashny crop rotation depending on an intensification of applied agrotechnologies is given. The role of complex application of fertilizers and means of protection of plants is shown. At application of low-cost agrotechnology (without fertilizers) productivity of winter wheat made 2,43 t/hectares, root crops of a sugar beet of 13,05 t/hectares, barley of 1,89 t/hectares, grain of corn of 3,89 t/hectares, and on the average on 1 hectare of the sevooborotny area 2,32 t of grain units are received. The base agrotechnology provided receiving winter wheat – 4,76 t/hectares (195,9 % to low-cost agrotechnology), root crops of a sugar beet – 25,52 t/hectares (195,6 %), barley – 3,56 t/hectares (188,4 %), corn grains – 6,08 t/hectares (156,3 %). On the average on 1 hectare of the sevooborotny area – 4,21 t of grain units (181,5 % to low-cost technology). At cultivation of cultures of a crop rotation on intensive technology it is received: winter wheat of 4,85 t/hectares, root crops of a sugar beet of 36,57 t/hectares, barley of 3,74 t/hectares, grain of corn of 6,96 t/hectares, and on the average on a crop rotation of 5,01 t/hectares of grain units. The analysis of production expenses showed that on the average on a crop rotation, when using low-cost agrotechnology the greatest expenses (27 %) fall on acquisition of seeds. With intensification growth the share of expenses for seeds decreases and makes at intensive technology of 11 %. Considerable expenses fall on fuel (20,9-22,6 % of production expenses) and fertilizer to 34,1-39,9 %.  
Keywords: crop rotation, fertilizers, means of protection of plants, agrotechnologies, net profit, profitability.

UDK 631.4
Comparison of two methods of soil ablation calculation in catchments with HIS technology
L.G. Smirnova, A.G. Narognjaja, E. Yu. Shamardanova
Summary. In assessing the processes of water erosion in the world use the empirical and physically based models or empirical, physically based and conceptual models. Such assessment is essential for the development of projects of adaptive-landscape systems of agriculture. But Russian scientists have not approved the model to calculate soil erosion, and there is no comparison of these models. The article provides is a comparative assessment of soil erosion calculations, calculated on the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) [2] and the formula proposed in [1] using the program ArcGIS. She showed discrepancies when applied constructed cartograms average loss modulus of the soil and the potential runoff of melt water runoff (heavy rains). The difference in the lands subject to an insignificant risk of erosion was 14.1% of the agricultural land. On the lands subject to weak, medium, strong and very strong risk of erosion calculations performed by the formula USLE, higher than the data obtained by the formula [1] on 10% of the agricultural land. These differences must be considered when designing a linear boundaries.
Keywords: modulus of soil loss, USLE, the potential erosion of melt water runoff (heavy fall of rain), the classes of risk of erosion, antierosion organization of the territory, the adaptive-landscape systems of agriculture, ArcGIS, a digital elevation model.

UDK 631.416.2:631.445
Methodology diagnstiki nitrogen regime in zernosveklovichnom crop rotation
V.V. Nikitin
Summary: Carrying out this research was intended – to identify the most appropriate model for prediction of availability of crop rotation zernosveklovichnogo assimilable forms of nitrogen of the soil. In the first preliminary stage were examined correlative relationships between crops and generally accepted methods of determining the various forms of soil nitrogen. The average of four cultures showed the closest relationship methods nitrifying capacity and nitrate nitrogen (R = 0.93-0.94). However, given the complexity of analysis required and the efficiency of agricultural production in the practice of course be preferred method for the determination of nitrate nitrogen in the soil. The algorithm to solve this problem besides a great difficulty presented technique of sampling soil samples – the depth profile of involving in the sample. In analyzing the correlation between the presence of nitrate at different depths and productivity of crops were obtained evidence of a permanent increase in the correlation coefficient with depth, in principle, stabilize at a depth of 80-120 cm representative sampling rates with depth (0-20 cm to 0 – 80 cm) increased: from 0.190 to 0.018, the confidence interval narrowed from 3.4-5.1 to 1.0-1.4, Fisher’s criterion is reduced from 19.8 to 1.5. Given the above, it should be stated that in order to obtain experimental data on the analytical content of nitrate nitrogen in the typical black soil suitable for the prediction of availability of assimilable nitrogen of the soil to the required degree in biological studies, verification should be involved in the selection of the soil to a depth meter column.
Keywords: soil profile, nitrate nitrogen, migration, the confidence interval, a typical black soil, the correlation coefficient.

UDK 631.4 : 622.331 : 631.6 (571.1) 
Change of physical and chemical properties of peat soils of Northern Zauralye at agricultural use
A.S. Motorin
Summary. It is established that in 35 years of use of peat soil on average peat under forage crops exchange acidity in корнеобитаемом (0,4) layer increases on 0,4-0,6 units рН, hydrolytic acidity in 1,6 times, the sum of the exchange bases decreases in 1,3 times. Principal causes of changes of physical and chemical properties are: carrying out of the exchange bases (the maintenance Sa2 + decreases in 1,5 times, Mg2 + – in 1,4 times), entering of physiologically sour mineral fertilizers (N60-90P60-120K60-90) and creation of washing type of a water mode as a result of drainage of a peat deposit (level залегания ground waters during the vegetative period of 90-140 sm). In torfjanisto-gley soil there are similar changes.
Keywords: physical and chemical properties, acidity, peat soil, the exchange bases.

UDK 631.452
Monitoring of black earth soil fertility in steppe zone
M.A. Erochovec, R.M. Khizhnyak, A.V. Malygin
Summary. The article describes the dynamics of acidity, contents of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, sulfur, zinc, copper, manganese, and organic matter in black earths of steppe zone (for example, Roven’ki district in Belgorod region). Statistical data on the usage of fertilizers and crop yields are analyzed.
Keywords: degradation, soil acidity, monitoring, soil organic matter, soil fertility, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, black earth, fertilizers.

UDK 631.432 
Moisture regime in crop rotation
G.P. Dzjuin, A.G. Dzjuin
Summary. In stationary experience results of researches on studying variations of quantity indicators of a soil moisture under cultures of three rotation of a crop rotation are generalized. Researches have shown, that a difference between expense of the general and productive moisture by cultures of a crop rotation, from a layer of ground of 0-60 sm soddy podzolic loam soil, is not essential – below parameters НСР05. Deviations of a productive moisture from the general have made: under a winter rye – no more than 9,5 %, a corn – 0,1 %, summer wheat – 1,7 %, of  clover  of the first year – 13,2 % (on a background to exhaust with entering NPK – 19,5 %), of  clover  of the second year – 4,5 %, barley – 7,7 %. Cultures of a crop rotation basically (about 70 %) spent a moisture from an arable layer. From a layer of 20-60 sm – 16 %, from a layer of 60-100 sm – 12 % from the general expense a moisture in a meter layer. In droughty 1990-1991 consumption of a moisture in a meter layer of ground of 60-100 sm increased: summer wheat on a background to exhaust on 45-80, to exhaust manure – on 176-331, of  clover  of the second year – on 236 т/т production. Manure assisted decrease in expense of a moisture: of  clover  of the first year. On 70-104 т/т production (on 28 %), summer wheat – on 178-314 (21-30 %), barley – on 110-154 (15-22 %), a corn – on 36-53 т/т (18-21 %). Mineral fertilizers (N59P62K66) it is more, than manure, reduced expense of a moisture in a crop rotation. In layers up to 20, 60 and 100 sm on the average for three rotation of a crop rotation expense of a moisture has decreased on 140, 131 and 214 т/т production or for 32, 26 and 34 %. At the most have lowered expense of a moisture annual grasses and barley – on 39-43 and 35-39 % then cookies the corn has lowered all on 12-15 %.
Keywords: сrop rotation, crop, fertilizer, total and productive moisture, water discharge.

UDK 571.167: 633.11«324»
Innovative approach to the assessment of wheat grain quality
V.P. Netsvetaev, L.S. Bondarenko, O.V. Akinshina, T.A. Ryzhkova
Summary. Studied samples of varieties and breeding material of winter wheat competitive test of the Belgorod State Agricultural Research Institute harvest 2007-2011. We investigated the number of disulfide bonds in flour protein complex based on modified methods of sedimentation. As a reducing agent used Na2SO3. We determined the quantity and physical properties of gluten on the apparatus IDK-1. It is established that depending on the temperature conditions of the growing season in high quality wheat had indicator of disulfide bonds from 6.0 to 7.7 conv. units.; samples with rye translocations 1BL.1RS and 1AL.1RS – from -0.3 to 6.5 conv. units. Hot summer helps to increase the number of -S-S- bonds in protein complex and to strengthen the gluten. The degree of damage Eurygaster integriceps PUT. did not affect on the level of intermolecular disulfide bonds (r = 0,0736; n = 88, 2011). It is shown that the definition of aggregation ability in a protein complex of wheat grain with the – S – S – bonds have high information content at a level close to the summer climatic factors of long-term average for the Belgorod region. It is not appropriate to the selection of breeding stocks on the quality of grain in the years to promote the formation of high quality gluten. Estimating the number of intermolecular disulfide bonds can detect samples with genetically high-quality grains and weak response to the growing season weather conditions. 
Key word: common wheat, disulfide bonds, grain quality, gluten.

UDK 633.11 : 631.84 : 581.4
The role of the ear, leaves, stem nodes and internodes in protein accumulation in spring wheat
E.N. Pasynkova, A.A. Zavalin
Summary. The results of studies on the role of ear, leafes, stem nodes and internodes in the accumulation of grain protein of spring wheat. The maximum absolute amount of nitrogen in the plants of spring wheat cultivated in layer of clover, accumulating and reusing from the internodes, then – from the leaves, elements of ears and the smallest – from the stem nodes. The lower (counting from the ear) organ of the plants is located, the lower of it the absolute and relative the value the outflow of nitrogen in emerging adhere. Share reusing nitrogen in protein grains of the first leave, depending on the level of mineral nutrition (N0P0K0, N60P60K60 and N120P120K120) was 6,6...12,6%, the fourth – 0,4...1,2%; of stem nodes – 0,7...1,3; 0,1…0,7 and internodes 7,6...22,4 and 0,4...2,3% respectively.
Keywords: spring wheat, ear, leafes, internodes, stem nodes, protein in the grain, reutilization of nitrogen.

UDK 633.15: 547.97
Corn as a source of anthocyanin
M.Y. Tretyakov, S.A. Khoroshilov, A.N. Sidorov, A.N. Chulkov, V.I. Deineka, L.A. Deineka
Summary. Red color of different parts of the plant red grain corn form corn caused by the accumulation of water-soluble antioxidants - anthocyanins. The aim of the study was to determine the extent and characteristics of anthocyanin accumulation in different parts of the plant red grain corn collection of GNU Belgorod Agricultural Research Institute. For identification of anthocyanins in the corn used in the HPLC reversed-phase version with diode array and mass spectrometric detectors (chromatographic system Agilent Technologies). Anthocyanin composition of the stem, leaves, wraps, rod and red grain corn forms submitted cyanidin-3-glyukozidome malonirovannymi and its derivatives. The level of savings is determined by the localization of the biosynthesis of bodies, the greatest accumulation was observed for the vegetative organs of leaves, stem and wraps, from 2500 to 4000 mg per 100 g, which is due to the physiological role of this class of compounds. The level of accumulation of anthocyanins red grain corn form corn 2.5-4 times higher than the traditional raw material: fruits blueberry, elderberry and chokeberry - that allows us to consider it as a promising source of anthocyanin pigments from not eating raw.
Keywords: maize, HPLC, anthocyanins.

UDK 633.15:631.5
Process of corn hybrids as an element of modern technologies
A.N. Voronin, S.A. Khoroshilov, G.M. Zhurba, M.V. Klimenko, L.N. Shemyakina 
Summary. Experimental data on the elements of agro-technology for growing corn, the main ones are: effective protection of crops from weeds, selection of adapted to the cultivation of hybrids highly resistant to lodging and stem breakage, the optimum plant population, which is determined by the ripening hybrid and rainfall for vegetation in the region and recommended dose of nitrogen (N90).
As part of the realization of the potential productivity of hybrid and agrocenosis in general, deals with the totality of adaptability of maize hybrids, based on estimates of selection of plant resistance to stem breakage and possible creation of such hybrids. Central to an effective technique to perform a hybrid, adapted not only to soil and climatic conditions of a particular region, but also to the principal elements of modern agricultural technologies.
Keywords: corn, agrotechnology elements, breeding, directions, resistance.

UDK: 634.11,13:631.52
Apple and pear assortment replenishment
E.N. Sedov, N.G. Krasova, Z.M. Serova
Summary. It is shown that VNIISPK is a basic institution for apple assortment renewal in the Central-Chemozem region. 44 apple varieties and 8 pear varieties have been developed, they are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements Allowed for Use. The volume of the apple breeding work since 1953 and pear breeding since 1949 is shown in this paper. In 2011 three new apple varieties (‘Dariona’, ‘Radost Nadezhdy’ and ‘Morosovskoye’) and one pear variety (‘Yeseninskaya’) were included in the State Register. Commercially-biological characteristics of these varieties are given on vigour and habit of tree growth, type of fruit formations, crown character, shoot and leaf peculiarities, winter hardiness degree, scab resistance and cropping power. A great attention is paid to the characteristics of the varieties according to the marketable and consumer qualities of fruit: fruit weight and shape, attractiveness and surface color of fruit skin, taste, storability and biochemical composition. New apple varieties – ‘Dariona’, ‘Radost Nadezhdy’ with summer ripening, ‘Morozovskoye’ with early winter ripening and new pear variety ‘Yeseninskaya’, which are included the State Register, should be a valuable replenishment to the initial apple and pear assortment for the Central-Chernozem region of Russia.
Keywords: apple, pear, breeding, assortment improvement, commercially valuable qualities of new varieties.

UDK 631.74:635.646
Growing eggplant under drip irrigation using the tunnel for shelter for early production
N.N. Dubenok, V.V. Borodychev, E.V. Shentseva, E.A. Strizhakova, K.B. Shumakova 
Summary. In this article the results of experimental studies on the cultivation of eggplant under drip irrigation for its early production. In the Lower Volga spring frosts return on average long-term data are possible to the middle of May. Therefore, when you scale up the eggplant-open field should be used tunnel temporary shelters, which avoid damage to plants ve-sennimi frost and get the first products are already in the third decade of June. Planting seedlings in the tunnel shelters spend depending on warehouse-ing weather conditions in the period from 10 to 25 April at the temperature of soil at a depth of 8-10 you see at least 120 C. For maximum economic benefits with minimal expenditure on water to form crop with the possibility of up to 70-80 t / ha of eggplant fruits, mineral fertilizers are applied to the maintenance dose N260P160K190 predpolivnogo soil moisture levels 90% of the HB. The dry matter content in the fruit with increasing doses of fertilizers within N100P60K0 - N260P160K190-shalos increased from 8.4% to 9.1%., The amount of sugar on the increase from 2.2 to 2.6%, and the content of vitamin C at a dose of fertilizer and N100P60K0 N180P110K20 is preserved at the level of 3.2 mg% before declining to 2.8 mg% at Dispense-tion fertilizer dose N260P160K190. Nitrate content in the products did not exceed 147 mg / kg wet weight.
Keywords: aubergine, cassettes, seedlings, drip irrigation, Great sennie freezing tunnel shelter, plastic sheeting, arcs, finishers tion, a block diagram of irrigation regime, yield, fruit quality.

UDK 631.8:633.11
Features of the agrotechnology of winter wheat in changing weather conditions
A.P. Karabutov, G.I. Uvarov, А.А. Naidjnov
Summary. In the conditions of a southwest part of the Central Chernozem region long action of predecessors against ways of the main processing of the soil and fertilizer systems on productivity of winter soft wheat depending on size of hydrothermal factor is studied. It is shown that the hydrothermal mode of the territory has an accurate trend to deterioration that induces to reassessment of a role of the main agroreceptions in cultivation of winter wheat. It is established that in adverse conditions of weather among the main receptions of an agrotechnology the previous culture increases productivity of winter wheat in 1,8 times. Thus the share of fertilizers in formation of productivity decreases in 1,8 times. Organic and organo-mineral systems of fertilizer appeared more effective in adverse conditions in 1,3-2,0 times in relation to the favorable. Efficiency of ways of the main processing of the soil at change of weather conditions doesn’t change. In the conditions of a forest-steppe zone of the Central Chernozem region at deterioration of scenarios of weather the role of pure steam as predecessor of winter wheat increases. Mineral fertilizers are better for applying against posteffect of manure and small processing of the soil.
Keywords: winter wheat, weather conditions, crop rotation, ways of processing of the soil, fertilizer, productivity.

UDK 631.847.22:631.82:332.365
Biologization of mineral fertilizers as method for increasing of their efficiency 
A.A. Zavalin,V.K. Chebotar, A.G. Aritkin, D.B. Smetov
Summary. Innovative method for increasing of efficiency use of mineral fertilizers has been demonstrated in the paper. Main idea of the method is to spread on the surface of mineral fertilizer granules the special microbial preparation “BisolbiFit” based on the bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis Ch-13, which is increase plant consumption from mineral fertilizers nitrogen by 20-50%, phosphorus by 20-60%, potassium by 10-40%. 
Keywords: mineral fertilizers,microbiological preparations, bisolbifit, biologization of mineral fertilizers,bio-ammophos, increasing of efficiency use of mineral fertilizers.

UDK 631.58(470.325)
Optimization of belgorod region agrolandscapes is the way to biologization of agriculture
A.V. Turiyanskiy, E.G. Kotlyarova, S.D. Litsukov
Summary. The main danger of degradation of the basic natural resources (soils and water sources) is erosive processes. Such danger is rather actual for the Belgorod region. It is most erodible region in the Central Chernozem Zone (CCZ) of Russia. A share of the lands subjected to erosion is 53% here, and that is almost twice higher, than on the average in CCZ (28%). It is impossible to stabilize soil fertility, to prevent further deterioration of water resources without excluding of any form of erosion. Solution of environmental problems is possible only through the improvement of farming systems with a focus on adaptability and biologization on the landscape basis. Under management of the academician of Russian Academy of Agrarian Sciences O.G.Kotljarova, since 1981, the landscape agricultural systems (LASs) have been being developed in the entire territory (132 thousand hectares) of the Krasnogvardejsky district – the most erodible district (more than 70% of the lands are eroded) of the region. This study is aimed at estimating the evolution of anthropogenically formed agrolandscapes for 30-year period of LASs’ development. Our investigations showed that the purpose for which LASs were created is reached. It is possible to prevent erosive losses and to raise soil fertility. The humusness in soils has increased from 4,8 to 5,2%. Restoration of soil fertility is presented in terms of increasing of crops productivity – on 25%. Transformation of a landscape basis has increased the general biological capacity of territory more than twice and exchangeable biological capacity by 32%. In turn the intensification of substances circulation leads to increasing of plant production efficiency. Excess is from 14% (productivity of labour expenses) to 43,2% (use efficiency of PAR).
Keywords: landscape agricultural systems, environment, biologization, agriculture.

UDK 633.15:631.8
Effect of fertilizers and tillage on yield and quality of green mass and grain of corn
V.N. Samykin, V.D. Solovitchenko, I.V. Logvinov
Summary. The results of the researches which have been carried out on the chernozem typical, show that introduction of organic and mineral fertilizers and the main processing of the soil (plowing, bezotvalny and minimum) on crop rotations influences productivity and quality of propashny cultures. In control options it was received when plowing 27 t/hectares of green material of corn, on bezotvalny processing of 26 and 25 t/hectares at the minimum processing. Introduction of mineral fertilizers (NPK) 70 increased productivity on the plowed allotments to 36 t/hectares, and on bezotvalny processings – to 34 and 33 t/hectares. Application of a double dose (NPK) 140 in comparison with an unary dose where increases made on otvalny, bezotvalny and minimum processings of the soil, respectively 2,0, 4,0 and 2,0 t/hectares. Introduction of 80 t/hectares of KRS manure plowing of 6,0 t/hectares on bezotvalny processings of 6,0 and 5,0 t/hectares in relation to control options gives the following increases of a crop. Increases from double doses of organic and mineral fertilizers depending on soil processing (plowing and bezotvalny processings) made 15-16 t/hectares in relation to control.
Keywords: productivity, quality of production, propashny cultures, crop rotation, mineral and organic fertilizers, soil processing.

UDK OAE 631.46:579.64:581.138.1:581.133.9:57.044
Increase in resistance of legume-rhizobial complex to cadmium using rhizosphere bacteria containing ACC deaminase
N.V. Malkov, N.Yu. Zinovkina, V.I. Safronova, A.A. Belimov
Summary. Rhizosphere bacteria cjntaining enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase have possibility utilizing ACC and stimulating plant growth under stressful conditions as a result of elimination of inhibiting effect caused by phytohormone ethylene. In the present study the role of ACC-utilizing rhizobacteria belonging to Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Pseudomonas brassicacearum, Ps. putida, Ps. orysihabitans and Variovorax paradoxus in response of symbiosis between nodule bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae and pea line SGE or its cadmium tolerant mutant SGECdt plants to cadmium stress was investigated. In hydroponic experiments in the presence of 0.5 uM CdCl2 a significant stimulation of nodule formation on roots and improvement of plant shoot growth was observed after inoculation with a majority of the studied strains. In the average, the nodule number on the inoculated plants increased on SGE by 32% and on SGECdt by 80%, whereas shoot biomass increased on SGE by 31% and on SGECdt by 38%, respectively. A maximum positive effect on nodulation was obtained after inoculation with strains Ps. brassicacearum Am3, Ps. orysihabitans Ep4 and V. paradoxus 5C-2. In pot experiment with sand culture the strain V. paradoxus 5C-2 significantly increased (by 36%) nitrogen-fixing activity and the strain Ps. orysihabitans Ep4 showed tendency for increasing this parameter (20%) after inoculation of SGECdt mutant. The results suggest a promise for application of ACC-utilizing rhizobacteria for improvement of adaptation of plant-microbe symbioses and plant growth on soils contaminated with heavy metals. 
Keywords: ACC deaminase, nitrogen fixation, pea, inoculation, cadmium, nodule bacteria, plant-microbe associations, rhizosphere, symbiosis, stress, ethylene. 

UDK 634.11+634.13:581.16:581.144.3
Shoot vitrification in vitro: anatomic structure and possible ways Of the problem solution
O.V. Matushkina, I.N. Pronina, Ev.N. Tkachyov
Summary. The effect of main factors of cultivation on apple and pear shoot vitrification and the characteristics of their anatomic structure are under consideration. PB 9 apple rootstocks and PG 12 pear rootstocks show the highest level of hyperhydration (up to 100 %). It has been established that morphological changes of tissue and enlargement of cell size, stomata structure changes result in stem thickening, leaf elongation and distortion in, vitrified plants. At the stages of proliferation and rooting a regenerative ability in such shoots is 2-3 fold and 1,6-2,1 fold lower than in normally developed ones correspondingly. However these plants have more high lever of adaptivity and develop in non-sterile conditions. Reduction of concentration of BAP in the medium up to 0,5 mg/l or cytokinin – kinetin or lack of hormones in nutrient media with diluted concentration of macroelements promote solution of the vitrification problem.
Keywords: apple, pear, vitrification, in vitro, shoot, leaf, stomata.

UDK 58.00:502.75 
Ecological and biological characteristics of plant species as determinant factors in the successful use of plants in planting of greenery
V.M. Starchenko, N.A. Timchenko
Summary. The article on the example of 39 representatives of adventitious dendroflora Amur region are analyzed characteristics of plants (ecological and coenotic association of, winter hardiness, the total area), which determine the success of the use of plants in gardening settlements of the region.
Keywords: gardening, adventive species, ecological and coenotic association of, area, Amur Region, Far East Russia.

UDK 637.051
Scorequality eggs and modeling of energeticekoj value
A.L. Shtele, А.I. Filatov
Summary. The authors cite research quality eggs depending on their mass and offer the formula and the finished table to calculate nutritional value of eggs.Results of morphological and chemical analysis of table eggs, depending on the weight and the ratio of protein/egg yolk are used when creating models of their energy value. Determination of calorific value of eggs of varying mass formula possibly Staehle-Filatov and efficient table that excludes chemical analysis. It has practical value in assessing product quality in laboratory studies, marketing communications, and in General for the consumer when assessing the nutritional value of eggs.
Keywords: edible egg, white/yolk, energy value, modeling, formula, table of calories

UDK 636.082.204
Alive weight the daughter of the cow at a birth and its communication with their reproductive properties and the subsequent dairy efficiency
R.P. Karagod, V.G. Prokopyev,  T.V. Lukashenkova, L.S. Pоlikоv
Summary. On the basis of researches positive communication of alive weight the daughter of the is established at a birth with their dairy efficiency in first lactation (r = 0,13). The cow calf’s a live weight with at a birth over 40 kg daughter of the are impregnated earlier for 24-27 days, and on a milk yield for 305 days of first lactation exceed their same ages with a live weight contemporaries alive up to 35 kg on 230,8 кg (Р> 0,95). 
Keywords: live weight, heifer, milk yield, lactation, a milk yield, a service-period, sire, replacement. 

UDK 636.2.082.003
Influence of intensive type cows on high-productive herds formation
E.G. Medvedeva, V.I. Cys
Summary. The article presents study results of milk yield and reproduction performance of intensive type Holstein and Brown Swiss cows that have 5 calves and milk yield more than 20000 kg during 4 lactations. The study shows that milk yield during 4 lactations of 76,2% of Holstein cows was more than 27 000 kg of milk, and the milk yield during 4 lactations of 81,2% of Brown Swiss cows was from 20 000 to 25 000 kg of milk. Bearing in mind the intensive type of cows capable of high milk yields in future the most favorable age for the first conception for Holstein cows is within the period from 13 to 18 months of age, for Brown Swiss breed – within the period of 16-21 months of age. The milk yield during 305 days of the 1st lactation of Holstein cows was 6212 kg of milk, i.e. 6,1 kg of milk per 1 day of life, and this is 1189 kg and 1,6 kg more than the milk yield of Brown Swiss cows, respectively. The reproduction performance of Brown Swiss and Holstein cows during the period between the 1st and the 2nd calving was within allowable rates: the service period was 81 and 106 days, the period between the 1st and the 2nd calving was 366 and 387 days, the reproduction coefficient was 99,7 and 94,3, respectively. The selection aimed at growth of intensive type cows and milk yield of 20 000 kg during 4 lactations will help to get animals with high milk yield and high reproduction performance.
Keywords: cow, Swiss brown and Holstein breeds, milk productivity, mass fraction of fat and protein, live weight, intensive type.

UDK 629.114.2
Influence of changing a pressure centre position on tractive and coupling quality of caterpillar tractor double-purpose
E.J. Berdov, V.A. Alyabjev, E.G. Shchepetov
Summary. In article are considered and analysed intercoupling between position of pressure center of caterpillar machine and output factors in unit with different instruments.
Keywords: tractor double-purpose, pressure center, longitudal coordinate of pressure center, external power and moments.

UDK 631.1
Energy consumption as a criterion for choosing the tractors 
S.V. Shitov, P.V. Tikhonchuk, N.V. Spiridanchuk
Summary. Influence of soil revealed after walking the overcrowding, the tractors at the amount of crop losses and energy from the overcrowding of the soil. To analyze the soil after the passage of the tractors was used as a criterion for compressing ratio.
Keywords: tractor, the density of soil, tractive force class of the tractor, power inputs.	

UDK 631.360
Mathematical model of agricultural machinery tool bearings stability
S.M. Yakhin
Summary. In this paper on the basis of differential equation of the deformed timber, resulting in the theory of simple bending, the deformations and tension types in pure skew bending are investigated. The equations of rods deformation with the terms of durability are obtained. We also received a differential equation for the curved axis of stability problems. The cases of a skew bending, which can be applied for the case of spatial curve, where the angles are variable in length, and the moment of inertia will vary with respect to the neutral axis.
Keywords: simple bending, skew bending, strength condition, the spatial curve.

UDK 004.424.23
Computer technologies of the valuation of breeding forms of spring triticale
I.G. Grebennikova, P.I. Stepochkin, A.F. Aleinikov
Summary. There was developed a computer program for calculating the integral breeding valuation coefficient of triticale varieties depending on the contribution of the portions of the valuable quantitative traits. There was developed a аlgorithms of calculating the integral valuation of studied samples. The program was tested on experimentally obtained spring triticale hybrids as a result of crossing between four spring triticale varieties according to a complete diallel scheme.
Keywords: triticale, program application, data base, breeding valuation. 

UDK 628.543
The mechanism of activated sludge adaptation to low concentrations of oxygen
V.I. Bazhenov, M.A. Kanunnikova
Summary. Dependence between  oxygen half saturation coefficient and specific oxygen uptake rate describe by Ко = Кс + k*SOUR.  Ко - oxygen half saturation coefficient, Кс- oxygen half saturation coefficient on line water/cell, k – coefficient of diffusion influence,  SOUR - specific oxygen uptake rate.  Adaptation of active sludge to low oxygen concentrations lead  to increase  oxygen diffusion in flock.  Influence of diffusion  on  oxygen half saturation coefficient decrease.
Keywords: treatment facilities, activated sludge, oxygen concentration.