UDK 338.43
Agriculture in the WTO: its pros and cons 
N.M.Yakushkin, R.H. Safiullov, R.N. Yakushkina
Summary. The paper considers the problem of Russia’s WTO accession, its risks and consequences for agriculture, the main measures to reduce the negative trends. 
Keywords: WTO, market efficiency, state, investment pros and cons of the WTО.

UDK 631.4: 631.452: 631.5
Soilfrutfulness of agrocinozеs as a factor of direct determination of agronomical typification of arable lands
A.M. Likov, I.Y. Savin, A.G. Prudnikova, A.D. Prudnikov
Summary. The proposed agronomical category of soilfrutfulness may be the characteristic of agro-ecosystem productivity. Its determination is proposed to be done by direct physical methods on the basis of the satellite remote control sounding. It enables us to go on to agronomical typification of agrolandscapes and precise agriculture.
Keywords: agrocenosis, agroecosystem, remote probing, ffruiting.

UDK 631.452:631.61
Vitality recuperation model of the eroded soil
M. T. Kuprichenkov, E.A. Menkina 
Summary. In the Stavropol Region the portion of soil erosion takes up to 30-40% as the item of expenditure in the balance records of the organic soil. To compensate for such losses, 12-14 millions of tons of manure is required on the yearly bases. However, there is a drastic shortage of this replenishing agent and therefore, a research of untraditional means is highly needed in the form of the tangential harvest production. Research has accounted for the evaluation of the organic fertilizers (such as manure and straw) with their introduction into the genetic horizons, which imitate soil of various levels of erosion and were shown in the modeled experiments consisting of the following 4 variations: control, straw, straw combined with manure and manure. It has been determined that given the introduction of fresh organics into the humus free kind, the factor of humus growth is 3 to 4 times higher than that in the humus horizons. During the control, mineralization of soil humus was observed within the limits of 7 relative percent, but with the injection of nutrients, the direction of biochemical reactions changed towards the growth of humus. Manure is the most effective means of increasing soil organics, and its potency increased with bigger depth. At the horizon A the humus contained grew by 4% relative, at B1 – by 10, B2 – by 12, Bc – by 27 and C – by 38%. Biological activity of genetic horizons also had a positive change: with addition of the manure, nitrogen fixating ability increased to the level of unfertilized A, but with the addition of straw the nitrogenous and cellulite one increased 1.5 to 2.0 times at all horizons. Introduction of organic fertilizers leads to the enrichment of the soil N-NO3, Р2О5, К2О: manure increases the content of Р2О5 from 1.5 to 1.9 times, К2О from 1.27 to 1.36 times. The content of nitrates after 12 month of incubation in Апах is approaching that of the control, but at the horizon В1 и В2 it is increasing sharply. The increase in fecundity of the genetic horizons under the influence of the introduced fertilizers is reliably proven by the level of produced biomass of the post winter wheat. Thus, given the disruption of the vertical wholesomeness of the soil on the weakly eroded black earths, a combination of straw and nitrogen is more effective and on the strongly eroded – manure.
Keywords: erosion, humus, biological activity, nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, interchangeable potassium, straw, manure.

UDK 631.51:912.43 
Composite index of soil degradation as a factor of formation  its processing system
J.A. Kuzychenko
Summary. The paper presents the results of calculation of the composite index of soil degradation in the region on the basis of the selection of the following criterion factors: alkalinity and salinity, water erosion, deflation and water logging, the assessment of which, according to the area prone to a particular type of degradation, was carried out for each survey area. The boundaries of the composite index of soil degradation D at different levels of desirability was calculated using the method of grouping the individual performance of its allocation of numerical values of the area with mild, moderate and high degree of degradation. A schematic map of soil degradation, built on the basis of the comparison of criterion D1 for each survey area gives an idea of the zonal abundance of degradation process which in numerical terms are as follows according to the area of the region: moderate – 27%, average – 29%, high – 44%. The results are the basis for the selection of tactical approaches to the formation of primary tillage systems, focusing chiefly on the use of subsurface different-depth primary tillage methods in areas with a high degree of degradation processes, subsurface and shallow processing techniques in areas with an average degree of degradation, the use of dump in combination with subsurface treatments in areas with moderate occurrence of the soil degradation processes. 
Keywords: soil degradation, soil processing system.

UDK 631.4
Reserves of phosphorus in agrochernozems of Stavropol krai under a different intensity of their use in agrarian landscape
E.I. Godunova, N.P. Chizhikova, S.N. Shkabarda
Summary. The differentiated assessment of natural stocks of phosphorus on the basis of the analysis of its contents in granulometric fractions of different dimension of agrochernozems of sklonovy agrolandscapes of the Stavropol height on an example of the range «Agrolandshaft» is carried out. Changes of reserves Р2О5 depending on systematic application of various doses of full mineral fertilizer are studied.
On the range «Agrolandshaft» the greatest general reserve of phosphorus characterizes soils of the lower part of a slope – 168,0 mg/100 of g, minimum (59,0 mg/100 of g) – agrochernozems of the top part of a slope. On the average about a half of the general stock Р2О5 (52,0 %) is in a potential reserve, it is a little less (46,8 %) – in near, and the minimum specific share (1,2 %) is the share of a direct reserve. Improvement of phosphate regime of soils from the action of fertilizers at the expense of accumulation of labile phosphorus in direct and middle reserves, reduction bind phosphorus clay extracting organic components in hard-to-reach connections. However for prevention of destruction of a mineral basis of soils and reduction of reserves of phosphorus in an arable layer from use of high doses mineral of fertilizers, especially azotsoderzhashchy, it is necessary to improve system of application of fertilizers.
Keywords: agrarian landscape; agrochernozems; phosphorus; totel, immediate, near and potential reserves; minerals; fertilizers.

UDK 633:631.55.03.:631.58
Role of harvesting by the method ochyosa of grain crops in development of «no-till» system of agriculture
V. K. Dridiger
Summary. For decrease in cost of products of plant growing many agricultural enterprises and farmers tried to refuse expensive plowing or to pass to direct crops, in general having excluded from technology any processing of the soil. However and that and others failure comprehended, as at existing systems of agriculture and technology of harvesting, especially grains of the corn, it is not possible to create on a soil surface a layer of organic substance from the vegetative remains, which should protect reliably the soil from a wind and water erosion, promote accumulation and an economical expenditure of moisture, supply plants with elements of a food and, thereby, provide growth of productivity of cultivated cultures. For creation of a layer of organic substance upon transition to «no-till» system of agriculture it is offered to carry out harvesting of grain crops a method ochyosa plants with leaving in the field of not slanted straw.
Keywords: soil processing, agriculture system, direct crops, vegetative remains, straw, harvesting, ochyos plants.

UDK 574 : 546. 49 (571.61)
Ecological assessment of technogenic pollution by mercury in agricultural production of the Amursk region
Yu.A. Gavrilov, Zh.A. Dimidenok, S.G. Kharina, G.A. Gavrilova
Summary. Amur region is the main producer of soy and cereals in the Russian Far East. Over the past 40 years mineral fertilizers and pesticides in the south of the region have been actively used, among them mercury-containing chemicals attributed to more than 300 tons. Taking into account that migration of mercury in agrosystem is still unknown, it is necessary to define the possibility of heavy iron accumulation in the soil, cumulation in plants and in forages. This statement forms the purpose of our research. We studied the content of mercury in arable layer of soil, the possibility of bioaccumulation by different agricultural crops in defined agroecological conditions, as well as influence of forages containing toxicants on cow’s health. 	In this paper the content of mercury in the soil at the level of far exceeding background rates and Clarke (0,04-0,3-1,07 mg/kg). In verdurous masses of soy, annual grass crops, mixture of corn and payza, oats and payza, used for feeding animals and silos and haylage preparation and, the content of mercury is 0,033-0,038 mg/kg, which is higher than PDK () for forages in 2-3 times. In the blood of cows and calves of 10-days age mercury in amount of 5,62 ± 2,87 mkg/l, 3,29±0,09 mkg/l was found. When getting into the organism of animals, the forages containing mercury disturb protein metabolism. Therefore, mercury accumulation in soils leads to its infiltration into forages and human organisms. 
Keywords: agroecosystem, mercury, soil, vegetative forages, cattle, violation of an protein  exchange.

UDK 631.81:631.582:631.445.51
Influence of various fertilizers on productivity grain-fallow crop rotation on chestnut soils
N.A. Khodjaeva, E.P. Shustikova
Summary. Based on long-term studies (from 1985 to 2008), obtained in the stationary field experiment, the estimation of the influence of mineral, organic and organo-mineral fertilizer systems on the productivity of grain-fallow crop rotation and fertility chestnut soil. When making organic fertilizers largest relative response (38-44% of control) was obtained in the first crop rotation – winter wheat. The effectiveness of manure as an aftereffect gradually decreased. The use of mineral systems more efficiently under culture, going to kolosov predecessors. In this case, the relative gain increases from 35% (winter wheat for a couple) to 46-50% (second winter wheat and spring barley). The sum total of four rotations of grain-fallow crop rotation productivity on variant without fertilizers was 37,03 t/ha. The studied system of fertilizers increased the yield of grain on the 12,91-19,22 t/ha. With each hectare of crop rotation area obtained gain 0,36-0,80 t/ha, or 23-52%. The maximum level of productivity observed in the variant with high doses of manure (60 t/ha) and applying fertilizer. However, the optimal performance of the agro-economic fertilizer (the level of gross harvest of grain and return the unit N, P and K) revealed the use of organo-mineral fertilizer system with the introduction of a moderate amount of organic matter (40 t / ha) in the first field crop rotation. The test doses of organic and mineral fertilizers has led to the accumulation of the main nutrients in residual form as in the plow layer and in the meter of the soil profile. By the end of the fourth rotation of stocks of nitrate nitrogen in the 0-100 cm layer increased with respect to unfertilized variant on 36-140% of available phosphorus – by 51-112%, and exchangeable potassium in 0,4-16%. In addition, in the upper horizon at 0,02 – 0,33% increased the content of organic matter.
Keywords: crop rotation, organic and mineral fertilizers, soil fertility of the chestnut.

UDK 63:57.045
Evaluation of agroclimatic conditions of cultivation Stavropol region leading crops for the period 1981-2010 years
S.A. Antonov
Summary. Stavropol Region is one of the most important agricultural regions of Russia and the guarantor of food security. The structure of cultivated areas is presented winter grain (57%), row crops (13%), spring cereals (9%). Evaluation of agroclimatic conditions was based on GIS technologies, on integrated indicators for various cultures during the period 1981-2010 years: winter wheat — Ulanova, early spring cereals — Sapozhnikova, sunflower — Melnik, corn — Chirkov. The choice of indicators due to their high productivity coupled with the appropriate culture. The main GIS software, used software package ArcGIS Desktop. Interpolation of the data to the territory by the method of spline surfaces. Agroclimatic conditions of winter wheat cultivation in the region are estimated as good and satisfactory in 50% of the region, and for early spring cereals are good conditions observed at 60%. The main limiting factor for cultivation of row crops is moisturizing. Terms of growing row crops for the period 1981-2010 years are unsatisfactory for about 70% of the region. Increasing aridity of summer-autumn period in the last 10 years has significantly reduced the climatically suitable areas of cultivation row crops. Necessary to carry out optimization of the area under row crops to improve production efficiency. Evaluation of spatial distribution of agroclimatic resources of the leading crop cultivation has identified areas of optimal placement and determine the limits of the possible changes in these areas to climate change.
Keywords: agroclimatic conditions, winter wheat, summer grains, sunflower, corn, geographical information systems (GIS), Stavropol Region.

UDK 581.522.68:502.75.582
Reintroduction of rare species of plants in agrolandscapes the method of agrosteppes
O.E. Orlov
Summary. The alternative method of preservation of rare and disappearing plants in agrolandscapes, by active reproduction of a genofund of these types as a part of polycomponental coenosis – agrosteppes is offered. A polycomponental steppe mix of seeds of wild-growing types of the noncontrollable structure, cleaned in three terms in Shalevo’s wildlife area in vicinities of Stavropol in 2005 and enriched in addition seeds of rare species: Adonis vernalis L., Anemone sylvestris L., Calophaca wolgarica (L. fil.) DC, Crocus reticulatus Stev. Ex Adams, Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R. Br., Iris aphylla L., I. notha Bieb., I. pumila L., Orchis tridentata Scop., Paeonia tenuifolia L., Salvia nutans L., Stipa pulcherrima C. Koch. In experimental experience reintroduction possibility seeds for the 6th year потверждена for 5 protected species: Paeonia tenuifolia, Stipa pulcherrima, Iris aphylla, I. notha and Anemone sylvestris. Monitoring 26-30 – summer agrosteppes showed existence in their flora 9 of the plants listed above rare species. All types blossom, fructify and form self-sowing. Creation of constant windbreak steppe (meadow) fields in an agricultural landscape can appear real alternative of protection of endangered species of local flora in optimum for them ecological conditions. The polycomponental sowing mix consisting of tens types of virgin vegetation, corresponds to variety of ecological niches, forming necessary heterogeneity of the tsenotichesky environment, including for rare species. The agrosteppe for the 3rd year on specific structure for 80-90 % corresponds to an initial virgin site and will form a reliable basis of a reintroduction and replication of zone associations in anthropogenous and agricultural landscapes. To use the described method of a reconstruction of analogs of steppe associations it is possible in any territory with the destroyed natural vegetation, on deposits, at a rekultivatsiya of spontaneous dirt roads, technogenic and other «waste» lands. For some plants possibly restoration of their natural areas.
Keywords: rare species, method of agrosteppes, reintroduction.

UDK 581.9:502.75 (470.6)
Features of the initial stage of ecological restorations of zone steppes on the place secondary of beard grass communities in the conditions of plowing in the spring
N.G. Lapenko 
Summary. Secondary beard grass steppes occupy hundreds thousands hectares in semidesertic, sukhostepny, forest-steppe and gornostepny zones of the South of Russia, including the North Caucasus and other, more east regions that does actual a problem of increase of their efficiency. The brevity of pasturable use of these grounds, relative floristic poverty, low poyedayemost of a forage to the middle of summer because of a depression a dominant – the beard grass, induce to restoration on their place of analogs of former zone communities a method of agrosteppes. The purpose of a reintroduction of fragments of the zone steppe – to reveal possible ways of the accelerated transformation of beard grass steppes and feature of restoration of herbage at the initial stage of formation. The soil under crops prepared in the spring plowing. The analysis of results of three years of supervision over formation of the agrosteppe showed: 1) the quantity of types of plants in agrosteppes varied from 48 to 58; 2) biological productivity in the maximum growth and development of herbages fluctuated from 14,5 to 24,8 c/hectares of dry weight; 3) the weight analysis of structure фитомассы showed a considerable share of a cereal basis of a forage for the account a dominant – the beard grass (20-75 %); 4) in the three-year agrosteppe lines of similarity to the initial virgin steppe where cereals and bean dominate were considerably shown: a kostrets coastal, an ovsyanitsa vallissky, a lucerne Romanian, эспарцет sandy, and also representatives разнотравья – a cornflower east, a lady’s bedstraw Russian, a chernogolovnik polygamous and others. The made experiment showed possibility of ecological restoration of analog of the primary steppe on a place of again arisen low-productive beard grass communities. At the same time, supervision of three years of life of the agrosteppe on spring plowing testify that competitive pressure of the remains of the beard grass by means of rhizomes on steppe types obviously. That is, at the initial stage of transformation of beard grass community observance of all necessary agrotechnical operations by soil preparation is important, namely – to achieve full death of underground bodies of the beard grass in the soil for the purpose of decrease in its competitive force, containing growth and development of plants.
Keywords: agrosteppe, a biological variety, a landscape, a reintroduction, phytoweight, virgin steppes, cenos.

UDK 634.0.266: 632.937
The effective Biological way of suppression weeds plants under forest belts
L.V. Dudchenko 
Summary. Research objective – suppression of weed plants and their groups a biological way – by means of replacement of ecologically harmful ways on economically effective and ecologically expedient from the point of view of environmental pro-tection, an agrosteppe method. In experience there were five options: samozarastaniye, agrosteppe, mix of cultural herbs, agrosteppe + cultural herbs, agrosteppe + rare (krasnoknizhny) species of flora. It is revealed that agrosteppe options, "the agrosteppe + cultural herbs" and "the agrosteppe + rare species", thanks to their steppe basis, successfully suppress weed flora of wood strips. It is caused by tsenotsidny effect – successful biological fight of steppe vegetation against weak competitors – weeds for vital resources – moisture, food elements, illumination and other factors of habitat. By fifth year of life agrosteppe options had the highest tsenotichesky isolation against weeds, thanks to their maximum floristic wealth (to 44 types on 100 sq.m) and density of herbages (90-100 %), consisting of Festuca valesiaca, Festuca rupicola, Vicia tenuifolia, Centaurea orientalis, Filipendula vulgaris, Dianthus ruprechtii and tens other steppe plants.
Keywords: agrosteppe, agrolandscape, biological competition, phytocenosis, ecological niche, erosion.

UDK 631.527:575.167:575.21
Some aspects of the problem the interaction genotype-environment
N.M. Komaroff
Summary. In article the mechanism of formation of change of ranks of value of a sign at various genotypes in different inhabitancies which (change of ranks) and is considered in a dispersion analysis as interaction of a genotype with environment is considered. For an explanation regression coefficients of crops of grades in different mediums on the indexes of mediums which are integrated biological indicators, characterising the complex of the conditions which have developed during vegetation of plants in each medium of their habitation are used. It is supposed that, at big enough diversity of conditions of cultivation, linear character of reaction of a genotype on medium remains until loads of ecological factors do not exceed buffer possibilities of a kind. In this connection as a homeostasis assessment it is offered to use a range of definition in which function it is linear
Keywords: interaction genotype-environment, factor of linear regress, indexes of environmental conditions, reaction of a genotype to the environment, the levelling environments differentiating the environments, heritability factor, genotype a variance, a grade homeostasis.

UDK 633.11:631.527
Winter wheat selection on efficiency and a short stalk with use of semidwarfish line l-982/08 (Agapik×pamyaty Fedina)
M.S. Korovushkina, B.I. Sanduhadze, M.I. Ribakova
Summary. The research objective consisted in definition of efficiency of use of a local adaptive genofund of winter wheat with high potential of efficiency and a complex of economic valuable signs at crossing with semidwarfish line L-982/08 for reception of selection material steadier against drowning. In spent top-crossings by the parent form there was semidwarfish line L-982/08 (Agapik×Pamyaty Fedina), and fathers – 10 kinds of winter wheat of selection Moscow SRC «Nemchinovka». According to 2008-2011 the characteristic of these kinds the Zarya, Inna, Pamyaty Fedina, Moscow 39, Galina, Nemchinovsky 24, Moscow 56, Nemchinovsky 57, Moscow 40, Nemchinovsky 17 on productivity, winter hardiness, stability to drowning, height of plants, efficiency of an ear is resulted. The line 982/08 differs productive stalks/m2 – 561, low in height of plants 68 cm, weight of grain from an ear and weight of 1000 grains. The height of plants in F1 on combinations was from 78 cm to 92 cm domination on height of plants of father’s higher form, incomplete – on 7 combinations, intermediate – on 2, superdomination – on one was showed. In F2 height of plants on all combinations was intermediate between parents. The heritability factor (Н2) on 9 combinations was from 0,16 to 0,62, that testified to strong influence of external factors, and only at hybrid L-982× Zarya with factor 0,78 there was visible effect of the genetic factor. At the majority of hybrids F1 the weight of grain from an ear at superdomination was above, than at the fatherly form. On weight of 1000 grains influence large grain fathers has affected at incomplete domination (0 <hp <1) and superdomination (hp> 1). Heritability in F2 quantities of grains in an ear and their weight had low values at Н2<0,7. Hybrids possessed the lowered height and raised concerning the fathers form number of grains and in their weight in an ear. In generation F3 the best lines in combinations with Nemchinovsky 17, Pamyaty Fedina, Nemchinovsky 57, Moscow 40 and Galina authentically exceeded fatherly forms with the maximum value of productivity in the range from 0,630 kg/m2 to 0,475 kg/m2. As a result semidwarfish line L-982/08 (Agapik× Pamyaty Fedina) is recognized by the donor a short stalk. Character of inheritance in F1 and F2 heights of plants and elements of efficiency of an ear – numbers of grains, weights of grain and weight of 1000 grains is established. Highly productive lines in combinations with height of plants 60-68 cm are selected with kinds Nemchinovsky 17, Pamyaty Fedina, Nemchinovsky 57, Moscow 40. The valuable selection material is created.
Keywords: wheat winter, selection, a sort, a hybrid, a short stalk.

UDK: 633.18:631.521:51
Formation of features, determining the yielding capacity of varieties under the influence of fertilizers
V.A. Dzuba, A.Ch. Udzhukhu, I.N. Chukhir, E.N. Lapina, C.A. Shevel
Summary. The aim of investigations was to determine the responsiveness of new varieties of rice (Druzhny, Snezhinka, Strelets, Yupiter) to mineral fertilizer doses during formation of signs determining the productivity. The experiment was carried out in 10 liters tumblers (8kg of soil). Two doses of mineral fertilizers were used in the experiment: low one (N - 24 g, P – 12 g, K – 12 g of reactant per 100 g of soil) and high one (N - 48 g, P – 24 g, K – 24 g of reactant per 100 g of soil). Indices of responsiveness of varieties in question to mineral fertilizers on signs determining the productivity were weak and moderate. Thus, on productive business they were 1.04...1.37, on seed number in the main panicle – 0.97...1.27, on seed mass in the main panicle – 0.89...1.73, on agrophytocenosis productivity – 0.93...1.93. At the same time as far as fertilizer dose increased grain yield grew reliably by 0.37...0.67 kg/sq. m (LSD0.5 is 0.27). High correlation coefficients were determined between productivity and other signs at the level from 0.703 to 0.812.
Keywords: rice, response, trait, yielding capacity, fertilizers, index, input, correlation.

UDK 633.853.494 (470.58)
Agro-economical  parameters  of  the  production  varieties  of  summer  rape  Nadyozhny 92  and  Dubravinsky skorospely  in  Kurgan  region
N.N. Makoveeva, A.A. Postovalov 
Summary. Investigations were carried out to study agro-economic parameters of the siberian summer rape varieties production in partially-wooded steppe of Kurgan region. Varieties Dubravinsky skorospely and Nadyozhny 92 were compared with standard-Ratnik on the background of natural fertility and fertilizers application N60P30 on the non-fallow precede. As the investigations have shown siberian varieties accelerate the growth and development, increase the preservation and field germinating power in the condition of drought and decrease them at favorable moistening. Siberian varieties Nadyozhny 92 and standard- Ratnik have a higher resistance to fusariosis blight in drought conditions and variety Nadyozhny 92 has a higher resistance at favourable conditions of vegetation. Fertilizer application in drought conditions increase the resistance of varieties 1,2-1,6 times and precipitation increase reduces the siberian varieties resistance. Root rot damage in drought conditions is at standard level (14,2%) without fertilizers application and it is reduced while applying N60P30 till 8,3% only variety Dubravinsky skorospely. The resistance of siberian varieties to root rot is really increased with the rise of soil moistening and fertilizers applications. Siberian varieties Dubravinsky skorospely and Nadyozhny 92 are less productive in partially-wooded steppe of Zauralye. In drought conditions the reduce of seed productivity in comparison with variety standard was 0,3-0,7 t/ha, at favourable moistening – 0,53-0,94 t/ga. The effectiveness of productions is constantly increasing while growing variety Ratnik, siberian varieties reduce the recoupment of expense at 22-33% Fertilizers applications normally N60P30 on the non-fallow precede reduce the recoupment of production at 33-37%.
Keywords: summer rape, variety, weather conditions, background of feeding, resistance to diseases (fusariosis, root rot), yield capacity, economic effectiveness.

UDK 634.11:631.52:631.524.7
Selection evaluation of the red-leaf hybrids of apple for ornamental characteristics
N.M. Solomatin, E.A. Solomatina
Summary. As a result of long-term breeding work the winter-proof dwarf clonal apple rootstocks have been developed by professor V.I. Budagovsky and his followers at the Chair of Horticulture of the MSAU. Most of them have anthocyan coloration of leaves, flowers and fruit consequently they can  be used as ornamental apple-trees, not only root-stocks. The purpose of  this research is evaluation of hybrid collection of clonal apple rootstocks from the point of view of their ornamental characteristics,  and selection of the best forms to be used in ornamental gardening. As a result of the investigation of the hybrid collection four red-leaf forms, have been selected and studied more carefully. The main difference of these hybrids from others varieties of ornamental apple-trees is their root-ability in the stoolbed. The evaluation of ornamental characteristics of the hybrids has been carried out in the hybrid collection orchard, their root-ability – in the root-stock stoolbed. Michdecor 2 Hybrid Form has been selected on the basis of a number of ornamental qualities such as high-class or-namentability of flowering (thick inflore – scence, big flowers, thick crown, abundant flowering). Besides, it is characterized by sufficient indexes in the stoolbed (3.2 rootability mark, 6.8 rootstock output mark, including 4.2 standard ones). Michdecor 3 has been selected with the crown shape in view (thick egg – like crown which can by easily formed. It might be of interest as a special type of a green fence and as material suitable for creation of vegetable – kingdom objects. Two other hybrid forms can be recommended as initial material for further selection work Michdecor 4 has deep purple coloration of all organs.
Keywords: ornamental apple-tree, clonal root-stock, breeding(selection), form, coloration, flowering, rooting.

UDK 634.11:631.527:632.4
Apple selection for scab resistance
M.S. Kushnareva, M.A. Kushnarev
Summary. Nowadays, studying of apple genetic potential and expansion of initial material is urgent. Each second year in a forest zone of Altai is an epiphyte one.  In the first, second and third generations of Siberian apple, it is possible to get resistant to scab hybrids only when one or more resistant to the disease varieties take part in crossing. In the third generation at application of more resistant to scab maternal initial forms, repeated and saturant hybridization with resistant to scab varieties, the quantity of resistant to scab hybrids increases in 2-3 times. Among hybrids of 2002-2004 crossing years of breeding of the Lisavenko Siberian horticultural research institute of the Russian agricultural academy, the greatest quantity of highly resistant to scab (leaves) hybrid seedlings (0-1,0 scores) was obtained at crossing of the average-resistant varieties with resistant ones (59,8%), average-resistant with immune varieties (59,6%) and between resistant varieties (58,7%), using altai varieties as maternal initial forms and highly resistant and immune introduced varieties as paternal. 
Keywords: apple, hybrid, selection, scab, leaves.

UDK 633:635.21
Agrotechnical and biochemical evaluation of potato varieties to create a resource base for starch and syrup production in the Far East
V.F. Kuzin, O.V. Shchegorets
Summary. On the basis of agronomic and biochemical evaluation of potato varieties we selected high-yield starchy sorts of first class plant type with certain biochemical and structural parameters of the quality of tubers for the starch and syrup production in the Far East. We give recommendations on the technology of their cultivation in the «potato conveyor system».
Keywords: potato, starch, raw material for starch and syrup production, potato conveyor system.

UDK 635.21:631.52
Improvement of processing methods of cultivation of the revitalized material of potatoes in the closed soil
M.N. Mashchenko, L.G. Bratkova
Summary. The objective of the work was to develop techniques and methods that ensure the maximum output restored greenhouse mini potatoes with unit area indoor and lower the cost of their production by using drugs «Biokompost-AL-2» and «Superuniversal». As a result set to the advantage of dirt mixed with 35% of the content of Biokompost-AL-2, and three spray on vegetation with «Superuniversal» in razvede-RI of 1: 300, which allows for 2 -3 years to exploit gruntosmes, ensure high productivity and excellent quality products. On average over 3 years in this version number of mini tubers from one Bush varieties Ipatovskij in comparison with Britain was higher at 65.4%, from early on-grade Zhukovsky 100.0%.
Keywords: probirochny plants, potatoes, mini tuber, preparations of «Biokompost-AL-2» and «Superuniversal».

UDK 632.954:633.1 «324» (470.63) (083.132)
Autumn application of herbicides on sowings of winter wheat of the south of Russia
V.N. Cherkashin, O. N. Krivonosova
Summary. The carried out researches have allowed us to identify the most malicious weed plants on winter wheat, affecting the growth and development of crops already in the autumn period. The best results in the fight against two-submultiple weed is achieved with the use of drugs based on a sulfonylurea and their finished mixtures with Dikamba. The best preceding winter, on which it is supposed autumn spraying of herbicides, are: winter canola, peas, winter wheat and other early harvested agricultural. . Chemical weeding is carried out in the autumn in optimum on development of weeds terms, stress from spring field works at delay with spraying is removed.
Keywords: winter wheat, weed vegetation, the injuriousness, the recommended herbicides, processing terms, the autumn period, economic efficiency.

UDK 332.234.4:631.1 (470.57)
Technology development of fallow lands under long-term agrophytocenoses in the preural steppe zone of republic Bashkortostan
F.M. Sitdikov
Summary. In article results of four-year researches on the development of technological methods of fallow lands under long-term agrophytocenoses on chernozem typical in the Preural steppe zone of Republic Bashkortostan are presented. Optimum ways of processing of soil are revealed at radical improvement and the most effective ways of development of fallow lands under seeded herbages. It is established that at development before the earths degraded and deduced from an arable land the greatest efficiency of legume-cereal herbage (36,1 GJ/ha exchange energy, 2600 fodder units and 6,9 c a crude protein about 1 hectare) with the greatest agropower production efficiency of a forage (the agropower factor 2,6) is provided with the pure grass seeding year tillage on boardless plowing subsoilers (on 27-30 sm) and direct crops of grasses (rump inermis (12 kg/hectares) + sainfoin sandy (55).
Keywords: fallow lands, soil processing, crops of grasses, long-term agrophytocenoses, efficiency of herbage, rump inermis, sainfoin sandy.

UDK 636.4.082
The productivity of pigs using imported beef breeds for crossbreeding
V.A. Bekenev, V.I. Frolova, I.V. Botzan, Y.V. Frolova, M.I. Charseeva, A.A. Zabolotnaja, S.I. Gaptar, A.N. Golovko 
Summary. A study the effectiveness of crossing sows of Large White breed with Yorkshire boars the Canadian breeding and Landras boars  Irish breeding of various combinations. The average daily gain of crossbred (Large White x Yorkshire) were fattening up 751g, against 728 g in control, that is was higher in 23 grams. The thickness of the fat they reached 26.5 mm or 24.5% less than in the controls. In hybrid (Large White x Yorkshire) x Landrace daily gain was higher in the 61g compared with the control group, fat thickness was 23.6 mm. As a result of tasting the meat was better than purebred animals from Novosibirsk type of large white breed and hybrid (Large White x Yorkshire) x Landrace. Fat three-breed cross, where the breed was the final selection of Irish landraces, has a lower melting point.
Keywords: pig, mating, fertility, the average daily gain, backfat thickness, taste, melting temperature.

UDK 636.082.1
Efficiency of use of cattle of different breeds
M.A. Svjazhenina
Summary. In paper the characteristic of cattle of different breeds on dairy efficiency, duration service-period, to parameters of growth of young growth is given. During researches it is revealed, that for cows of each breed the features are characteristic. It has been revealed, that the most effective on dairy efficiency are cows holstein breeds which have surpassed simmental representatives on a total parameter of manufacture of dairy fat and protein on 74,7 kg or 18,8 %, black-motley on 85,0 kg or 22,1 %. However on parameters of growth of young growth cows симментальской breeds, and on reproductive qualities - black-motley are in the lead. For the comparative characteristic of different cattle the index of efficiency of use of breed is offered. The given index allows to reveal not only general efficiency of use of breed, but also to assess jobs of the enterprises, therefore it can be used as for carrying out selection, and economic actions. 
Keywords: cattle breeding, dairy efficiency, breed, efficiency of use, an index of efficiency.

UDK 619:616.441:591.111:599.323
Correction of experimental hypothyroidism by the new iodine-containing preparation
A.H. Shantyz, S.V. Romashenko, I.A. Yаpparov
Summary. The basic purpose of a study – the experimental estimation of the biological activity of preparation «yodovet» with the artificial hypothyroidism on laboratory animals. Research were conducted on 20 white rats of analogs without pedigree selected by the principle. They divided animals into three groups: the first – control room, the second and the third – experimental. Experiment consisted of two stages. The first – creation of the model of hypothyroidism with the aid of the preparation of «merkazolil» in animal 2 and 3 groups. In the second stage of experience they fed to animals of 3-group preparation it «yodovet». Is established the influence connection on the hematologic, biochemical indices and the level of the hormones of the thyroid gland in the blood in rats. Obtained data during the first stage of studies (22 days from the beginning of experiment) showed that with the hypothyroidism first of all is reduced the level of thyroxine from 11,43 mcmol/l in the control to 4,25 mcmol/l in the experiment (p< 0,05). Is noted a reliable decrease in the level of triiodothyronine from 1,97 to 1,59 mcmol/l respectively (p< 0,05). Is noted reduction in the quantity of erythrocytes to 14,03% (r< 0,05), increase in the quantity of leukocytes by 54,5% (r< 0,05), increase in total protein by 6,5% (p< 0,05), decrease ALT and AST to 16,5% and 26,9% (p< 0,05) in comparison with control animals. The application of preparation «yodovet» in the biochemical indices, what is the sign of the restoration of metabolic processes. In the blood of rats increased the content of tetra- and triiodothyronine with simultaneous decrease in the thyrotropic hormone. Thus, the obtained results show that the artificially caused pathology of the thyroid gland undergoes correction with the aid of the new preparation.
Keywords: jodine deficiency, hypothyroidism, blood, correction, morphology, biochemistry.

UDK 504.54.05
Concept of informational-analytic system of environment monitoring for industrially degraded agricultural landscapes
D.V. Ejdenzon, E.A. Izhmulkina, I.A. Ganieva, O.V. Loshkareva
Summary. The article introduces the concept of informational-analytic system for monitoring of influence of coal industry on the environment with the ability to predict the timing of contamination neutralization and industrial landscape biological productivity restoring. It can be used for qualitative assessment of integral states of systems in question by analysis of integral forms of their states and investigation of spatial relationships between coal strip mine, remediation technologies and environmental characteristics.
Keywords: monitoring of industrially disturbed landscapes, informational system, environment, geoinformation technologies, assessment of integral state of system.

UDK 629.114.2
Experimental determination of optimum position of centre of pressure of double-purpose caterpillar tractor
E.J. Berdov, V.A. Alyabjev, E.G. Shchepetov
Summary. In article are considered and analysed results of experimental caterpillar tractor studies double-purpose for the reason determinations of optimum position of pressure centre, ensuring best tractive-coupling characteristic of machine.
Keywords: pressure centre, double-purpose caterpillar tractor, load-simulation devise, tractive-coupling characteristic, resistance to movement, technical production.

UDK 621.436
The analysis of changing the mechanical losses changing of the diesel of a tractor-transport machinewhencutting off some of its cylinders
V.I. Surkin, S.Yu. Fedoseev, A.A. Petelin
Summary. The analysis of mechanical losses of the diesel of a tractor-transport machine (TTM) is given in the article when some of its cylinders are cut off. The way to estimate the mechanical losses is offered when the cylinders are cut off. The data of experimental investigation for finding out the mechanical losses of the engine D-240 when some of its cylinders are cut off and also compare of data of calculating and experimental investigation are presented.
Keywords: mechanical losses, cutting off of the diesel cylinders, power of mechanical losses.	

UDK 631.31
Frugality in the production of corn – the main landmark in the choice of tillage and seeding equipment
N.K. Mazitov, R.L. Sahapov, R.S. Rakhimov, L.Z. Sharafiev, F.F. Khisamiev, N.E. Garipov
Summary: The article presents the technological basis of careful farming in all its aspects and a complex of domestic machinery for its implementation.
Keywords: water accumulation, water stimulation, water absorption, water keeping.