FINANCIAL RESULTS OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES: PROCEDURE OF SETTLEMENTS, AFFECTING FACTORS AND ESTIMATION METHODS

E.V. Lukina
Michurinsk State Agrarian University, ul. Internatsional’naya, 101, Michurinsk, Tambovskaya obl., 393760, Russian Federation

Abstract. The article discusses the types of income in the international and Russian practice of management. In international practice an economic, accounting and normal profit is calculated. In the practice of economic activities of agricultural enterprises of Russia the accounting profit is only calculated. In Russia there are gross profit (the difference between sales revenue and cost of sold production), sales profit (the difference between sales revenue and cost of sold products including commercial and management expenses), profit before tax (sales profit, balance of other income and expenses, income from participation in other organizations, the balance of interest receivable and payable), net profit (the balance of profit after tax), retained earnings (balance of net profits at year-end after using it). The principal profit agribusinesses receive from the sale of products (works, services). External and internal factors, as well as methods of accounting, influence its value. For the evaluation of financial results of main activities of agricultural enterprises relative indicators can be used in addition to the absolute performance (profit or loss): return on sales by revenue (the ratio of sales profit to revenue) or by cost (the ratio of sales profit to cost), the payback on sales (the ratio of sales revenue to cost). Federal state statistics service annually calculates the average profitability of enterprises in various industries. The deviation of the profitability of specific enterprises against the industry average values over 10 % is one of the reasons for conducting field tax audit in the organization.

Keywords: normal profit, economic profit, accounting profit, gross profit, profit from sales, profit before tax, return on sales at cost price, profitability of sales revenue, recoupment of cost by sales.

Author Details: E.V. Lukina, Cand. Sc. (Econ.), assoc. prof. (e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра.).

For citation: Lukina E.V. Financial Results of Agricultural Enterprises: Procedure of Settlements, Affecting Factors and Estimation Methods. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2017. V. 31. No. 2. Pp. 81-84 (in Russ.).